What classification of drug is alcohol?

Alcohol is classified as a depressant due to its effects on the central nervous system. Depressants are substances that lower neurotransmission levels, which can result in a calming effect on the body. When consumed, alcohol reduces brain activity, leading to feelings of relaxation and decreased anxiety. This classification fits with the way alcohol influences mood, behavior, and cognitive functions, slowing down coordination and reaction times.

Additionally, while alcohol is also considered a psychoactive substance because it alters brain function, emotional state, and perception, its primary classification in terms of the effects it has on the body aligns with that of a depressant. Although some individuals may mistakenly categorize alcohol as a stimulant because it can initially enhance mood and sociability in lower doses, its overall depressant effect is more prominently recognized in clinical and pharmacological terms.